Birbhum district in West Bengal, Bolpur is most famous because of its close proximity to Shantiniketan, the hamlet town founded by the Tagore family. It was only after the British East India Company set up the first railway line in the 19th century that Bolpur started blossoming.
Bolpur-Santiniketan is one of the perfect weekend gateway destinations for the people who are eager to travel. It's a great relief from metropolitan's delirious pace and pollution. It is 145km away from Kolkata. The red soil of Birbhum, the green forest, the fresh air, the beautiful scenario of the bank of river Kopai, the remnant of Khoai created by rainfall during monsoon attract travelers by its own beauty.
East India company established the first railway line in 1859 when the Sahebganj loop line was extended beyond the river Ajay. Bolpur railway station was established in 1860. Along with this establishment, Court, Police Station, Sub Registry office etc. Were also established in old Bolpur. Then people started residing here. Christan missionaries came and they found the church which was known as Mission compound. Paddy storage house, stationary shops, grocery shops, garment shops etc. Were located on the east side near Bolpur railway station. About 19's husking machines were situated here in that time.
Visva Bharati has two main parts. Srineketan and Santiniketan both are consistently called Visva Bharati. The towns and the university are situated not too far away from the river Kopai which flows to the south. Gurudev Rabindranath wished that his sons take the responsibility of sriniketan and they also take the responsibility of the school of Santiniketan. In the second half of his work, development of Srineketan was started. With the help of two foreigners, Elmherst and Dorothy Straight Agro-Economical Research Culture of Surul house was started.
On 1922, 6th February “Surul Ferm” was established. Now it is known as “Department of Agriculture-Santiniketan. In 1921, 22nd December Visva Bharati Society was established. According to the rule of the society, Santiniketan and Srineketan Samity was also constructed and known as “Santiniketan Karmasamity” and “Surul Samity”. Elmhurst was the director of the Surul Samity. In 1923, 26th December Visva Bharati first used the name “Srineketan”.